This work reports the design, synthesis, characterization, and electrocatalytic fate of Co-based 1D metal–organic framework (CoL1-MOF) for hydrogen evolution from alkaline water. CoL1-MOF after structural reconstruction displays a good overpotential of 436 mV to generate 10 mA cm⁻² current density for HER.

This study illustrates the fate of a cobalt-based metal–organic framework (CoL1-MOF) during the hydrogen evolution reaction in 1 M aqueous KOH. The electrocatalytic hydrogen evolution activity of a CoL1-MOF is evaluated using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 1 M KOH, with a three-electrode setup under an N₂ atmosphere. The CoL1-MOF exhibits a 436 mV overpotential to reach a current density of 10 mA cm^{− 2} for hydrogen evolution reaction (HER), while the bare GCE shows negligible activity. Tafel slope of 75 mV dec⁻¹ reveals that CoL1-MOF follows the Volmer–Heyrovsky mechanism. The intrinsic activity of CoL1-MOF is further assessed through electrochemical parameters, including electrochemical double-layer capacitance (C _dl), roughness factor (R _f), and electrochemically active surface area (ECSA), demonstrating enhanced accessibility to active sites. Stability tests show that CoL1-MOF maintains consistent HER activity during continuous operation, with a gradual increase in current density due to structural reconstruction. Postelectrolysis analysis such as Powder X-ray Diffraction (PXRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), Fourier Transformed Infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and Energy Dispersive Analysis of X-rays (EDAX) confirmed the formation of metal hydroxide/oxyhydroxide phases accompanied by morphological changes. Remarkably, the post-electrolysis CoL1-MOF demonstrated enhanced HER performance with a reduction in overpotential. This study demonstrates the cost-effective synthesis of 1D transition metal-based MOFs and their potential for sustainable hydrogen production, offering a promising solution to the energy crisis.