The hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) technique and subsequent pyrolysis were applied. Herein, two different types of biobased feedstocks, sucrose (Suc) and Miscanthus (Mis), were chosen. Urea served as N precursor for the in situ doping. HTC of Suc and Mis with urea leads to N-doped hydrochars (N-HCs). Suc and Mis decompose in different, complex degradation pathways, which leads to the emergence of N-HCs consisting of distinct ratios of N-containing primary chars (N-PCs) and secondary chars (N-SCs). After pyrolysis, maximum N contents of 5.6 wt% and 4.8 wt% of the N-doped pyrolyzed hydrochar (N-PHC) electrodes from Suc and Mis, respectively were reached. The role of PC and SC formation on the impact of N-doping in the context of physicochemical properties of the N-PHCs was compared with each other. In this study, they were tested with respect to the influence of N-PCs and N-SCs on their electrochemical performance in energy storage application. It turned out that the electrical conductivity (EC) and specific capacitances increased. Highest EC value of 129.1 S·cm-1 was obtained with N-PHC based on Suc. Simultaneously, enhanced average specific capacitances of 47.0 F·g-1 at 5 mV·s-1 and 3.5 F·g-1 at 100 mV·s-1 are ascertained with N-PHCs from Suc and Mis, respectively.